ADHD Subtypes
Evidence Based Answers
Which types of ADHD are most common in children?
Reviewed by Charles Li, MD
January 1, 2024
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Most Common ADHD Subtype in Children
Inattentive ADHD is the most common subtype in children aged 6-17, particularly in regions like Australia and the United States.
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Young Children and ADHD Subtypes
In younger children, particularly at age 5, the Combined subtype of ADHD is more frequently observed, differing from older age groups.
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Changing ADHD Subtypes Over Time
Children with ADHD may experience a shift in their subtype, especially from Hyperactive-Impulsive to other forms as they grow.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a significant psychiatric condition affecting children worldwide. It manifests in various forms, leading to the classification into different subtypes. The subtype a child has depends on their specific symptoms. This article delves into the most common types of ADHD in children, shedding light on the prevalence and characteristics of each subtype.
ADHD Subtypes and Their Prevalence
ADHD is not a one-size-fits-all condition; it presents in different forms. The three main subtypes are Inattentive ADHD, Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD, and Combined ADHD. Each has distinct characteristics, influencing how they manifest in children. Research has shown varying prevalence rates for these subtypes, influenced by age, gender, and geographical location.
An Australian study highlighted Inattentive ADHD as the predominant subtype among children aged 6 to 17. This finding aligns with similar research conducted in the United States, suggesting a common trend in these regions.
However, contrasting results emerged from another American study focusing on younger children. Here, Combined ADHD emerged as the most frequent subtype in 5-year-olds:
Age of Onset and Symptom Evolution
The age at which ADHD symptoms first appear varies across subtypes. Studies indicate that the Inattentive subtype tends to show up later in childhood compared to the Combined and Hyperactive-Impulsive subtypes. Understanding this age-related pattern is crucial for early detection and intervention.
Interestingly, ADHD is not a static condition. Over time, children may experience a shift in their subtype. This is particularly notable in the Hyperactive-Impulsive subtype, where a significant percentage of children shift to other forms of ADHD as they grow.
A significant percentage of children with ADHD shift subtypes, with the highest shift in Hyperactive-Impulsive type.
The Role of Gender in ADHD Subtypes
Gender also plays a pivotal role in the prevalence of ADHD subtypes. Boys are more likely to be diagnosed with the Combined type of ADHD. This gender-specific trend provides insights into how ADHD can differentially affect children based on their gender, influencing both diagnosis and treatment approaches.
Key Takeaways
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Screening for ADHD
Considering the commonality and variety of ADHD subtypes, getting screened for ADHD can be crucial, especially as symptoms can develop later in life.
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Subtype Awareness and Management
Understanding that ADHD subtypes can change over time helps in managing the condition more effectively and adjusting treatment as needed.